What is a defining feature of independent variables in research?

Independent variables play a crucial role in research as they are the factors that are manipulated or controlled by the researcher to observe their effect on dependent variables. Specifically, they determine the value of other variables, which allows researchers to investigate cause-and-effect relationships. By adjusting the independent variable, researchers can evaluate how changes impact the dependent variable, thereby providing insights into the patterns or outcomes of the study.

This characteristic is essential for establishing a framework for hypothesis testing and ensuring a structured approach to data analysis. Understanding the role of independent variables helps researchers in designing experiments and interpreting results, making them foundational elements in experimental and observational research.