Which of the following is true about a treatment ratio in clinical trials?

The treatment ratio in clinical trials refers to the proportion of participants assigned to each treatment group. When a trial randomizes participants, the treatment ratio indicates how many participants will receive each treatment being studied. This ratio is essential for understanding the design of the trial and ensuring that it effectively evaluates the treatment's efficacy.

The statement that the treatment ratio shows the assignment balance of treatments is accurate because it reflects how participants are allocated to each group, ensuring that the study maintains comparability between different treatments. A balanced treatment ratio helps to reduce bias and allows for valid comparisons of outcomes between groups, ultimately leading to more reliable results.

The other options do not accurately represent the nature of treatment ratios. For instance, a treatment ratio can vary depending on the specific design and goals of different studies, it does not always favor the treatment group, and it is not universally set at 1:2 in most trials—such ratios can differ widely based on the trial's objectives and regulatory considerations.